Woodland Caribou Provincial Park is an outstanding example of the Canadian Shield. Scraped clean by glaciers, the landscape is characterized by elongated lake systems, sudden changes in elevation, erratic drainage patterns, thin soils and massive bedrock outcrops. Here you'll find some of Ontario's oldest rocks, at more than 2.5 billion years old. Located in the Arctic watershed, the park's two principle rivers, the Bloodvein in the north and the Gammon in the south, flow westerly into Lake Winnipeg and eventually to Hudson Bay.

The park is part of the southern boreal forest. However its hot, dry climate, thin soils and proximity to the prairies, combine to form a unique mix of boreal and western vegetation. Upland forests of fire-dependent jack pine and black spruce, and mixed upland forests of jack pine, black spruce, trembling aspen, white birch, and balsam fir dominate the landscape. Upland bedrock barrens, lowland forests of black spruce and larch, wetland thickets and meadows, bogs and heaths are also found. More than 400 plants are found here, of which four prairie species and 12 boreal species are considered to be provincially rare.

Like its plants, the park's animals reflect a boreal forest and western influences. Typical boreal species include woodland caribou, moose, black bear, beaver, otter, muskrat, mink, martin, fisher, weasel, lynx, fox and timber wolf. Green frogs, snapping and painted turtles and some 100 species of birds including bald eagles, osprey, terns, pelicans and great blue herons are also found here. The resident woodland caribou herd and a colony of prairie Franklin's ground squirrels are provincially significant. Woodland Caribou is also noted for its high quality walleye, northern pike and lake trout fishery.